1.National Key Laboratory of New Power System Operation and Control (Tsinghua University), Beijing 100084, China;2.Tsinghua Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute, Chengdu 610200, China;3.Beijing Chuangzhixinke Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100089, China;4.State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai 200001, China

Due to the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, the power system is facing a lack of flexibility as a result of the increasing pressure on its regulation. With the participation of virtual power plants and other emerging entities in the interaction, a wide range of distributed resources can be aggregated and become regulating resources that cannot be ignored in the power system. This virtual power plants with 5G base stations are taken as the research objects. Firstly, the coordination mechanism of response potential of submodules in 5G base stations is discussed, and energy utilization models for different resource objects are developed. Secondly, the problem of characterizing the feasible region of the aggregated response of large-scale 5G base stations is analyzed, and the differential effect on 5G base station response characteristics between independent charaterization and classified charaterization is analyzed. The feasible region deviation of different aggregation methods in approximate solution based on Minkowski sum is elaborated in detail. Then, the advantages and principles of classifying characterization of feasible region for large-scale 5G base stations are analyzed, and the effectiveness is verified through multiple cases. Finally, based on actual response data, the response empirical effect of virtual power plant with large-scale 5G base stations is demonstrated.

This work is supported by National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2021YFB2401200).