1.School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;2.State Grid Lianyungang Power Supply Company, Lianyungang 222000, China;3.Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710065, China

To promote the coordination and optimization of multi-market entities and the entities of power and responsibility in a multi-level market environment, this paper combines local peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions with wholesale markets through the virtual power plant (VPP). An optimal operation method for VPP based on the joint sharing of energy and reserve of prosumers is proposed. Firstly, the reserve requirement is extended to the distribution network market and the local energy-reserve market is distributedly cleared by the adaptive alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Secondly, a bi-level trading model of VPP-prosumer is established. The upper-level VPP collects the transaction demands of prosumers and optimizes the purchase and sale prices. The lower-level prosumers quantify reserve demands, decision energy and reserve capacity by using the general Gaussian distribution and opportunity constraint theory. Finally, the model is solved by dichotomy. The results show that the proposed mechanism increases the market income of VPP and realizes the traceability and allocation of reserve cost to prosumers. The local market enlarges the bargaining space of VPP and prosumers.

This work is supported by National Natural?Science Foundation of China (No. 52007030) and Jiangsu Science and Technology Youth Talent Lifting Project (No. TJ-2022-042).