Authors must disclose all relationships or interests that could influence or bias the work. Although an author may not feel there are conflicts, disclosure of relationships and interests affords a more transparent process, leading to an accurate and objective assessment of the work. Awareness of real or perceived conflicts of interests is a perspective to which the readers are entitled and is not meant to imply that a financial relationship with an organization that sponsored the research or compensation for consultancy work is inappropriate. Examples of potential conflicts of interests that are directly or indirectly related to the research may include but are not limited to the following:

1. Research grants from funding agencies (please give the research funder and the grant number)

2. Intellectual property rights (e.g. patents, copyrights and royalties from such rights)

The corresponding author collects the conflict of interest disclosure forms from all authors. In author collaborations where formal agreements for representation allow it, it is sufficient for the corresponding author to sign the disclosure form on behalf of all authors.

The corresponding author will include a summary statement in the text of the manuscript in a separate paragraph after the abstract that reflects what is recorded in the potential conflict of interest disclosure.

See below examples of disclosures:

Fundings: This work is supported by X (grant number X), or/and Company Y.

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